Summing up Israel’s Situation

Romans 11:1-10
[1] I ask, then, has God rejected his people? By no means! For I myself am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham, a member of the tribe of Benjamin. [2]  God has not rejected his people whom he foreknew. Do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he appeals to God against Israel? [3] “Lord, they have killed your prophets, they have demolished your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life.” [4] But what is God’s reply to him? “I have kept for myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.” [5] So too at the present time there is a remnant, chosen by grace. [6] But if it is by grace, it is no longer on the basis of works; otherwise grace would no longer be grace.

[7] What then? Israel failed to obtain what it was seeking. The elect obtained it, but the rest were hardened, [8] as it is written,

“God gave them a spirit of stupor,

eyes that would not see

and ears that would not hear,

down to this very day.”

[9] And David says,

“Let their table become a snare and a trap,

a stumbling block and a retribution for them;

[10] let their eyes be darkened so that they cannot see,

and bend their backs forever.”

DEEP SHEET Stuidy Questions
1.   How has Romans 9-11 helped you to see that God’s sovereignty doesn’t undermine prayer, evangelism, and human responsibility for sin?
2.   What is the “remnant” and how does it demonstrate that God has not rejected Israel?
3.   How does Paul use the passage about Elijah in 1 Kings 19 as an illustration?
4.   What does it mean to say that the remnant was “chosen by grace” and “chosen with hope”?
5.   How does this passage help us to understand what it means to be “hardened”? How does v. 25 shed light on the nature of this hardening?
6.   How does the truth that God has not rejected Israel encourage us towards humility, trust, and assurance?

References: 1 Timothy 1:11; Deuteronomy 32:9; 7:6-8; Amos 3:2; Romans 9:27; Acts 21:20; 1 Kings 19:10, 14, 18; 2 Timothy 1:9; Romans 4:4; Psalm 94:14; Deuteronomy 29:4; Isaiah 29:10; Psalm 69:22-23; Romans 11:25.